Back
Once the leather had been cut to the pattern and in various sizes it would be passed to the workers called boot binders or hand binders. It was their job to use the wooden last (like the one in the picture that looks like a wooden foot) to mould the thinner leather over the last, then sew into the shape of a shoe or boot.

This job was often carried out by women, older men and teenagers because it was not too heavy or physical.

It was then the job of fit , strong young men to sew the moulded upper part of the boot/shoe, to the sole using a big sewing machine. This was a hard and heavy job because of the very thick leather they had to sew through on the sole of the shoes.
To find out more about how boots and shoes are made click here